Purina Pro Plan Veterinary Diets NF Kidney Function Formula Dry Dog Food

Ingredients

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• Animal Digest (21)
  Animal digest is a common ingredient used in pet foods. As defined by the Association of American Feed Control Officials, digest is produced by the chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of clean animal tissue that has not undergone decomposition. These animal tissues may not include hair, horns, teeth, hooves, or feathers, with the exclusion of trace amounts that are unavoidable even after acceptable processing methods.
• Biotin - Harmless ingredient (242)
  Biotin also called vitamin H, vitamin B7 or vitamin B8 is a water-soluble B vitamin. It is involved in a wide range of metabolic processes, both in humans and in other organisms, primarily related to the utilization of fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids.
• Brewers Rice (36)
• Calcium Carbonate - Harmless ingredient (155)
  Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO3. It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite and is the main component of pearls and the shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs.
• Calcium Iodate - Controversial ingredient (126)
• Calcium Pantothenate - Controversial ingredient (135)
• Choline Chloride - Harmless ingredient (236)
  Choline chloride is an organic compound with the formula 3NCH2CH2OH]Cl. It is bifunctional, containing both quaternary ammonium salt and an alcohol. The cation is choline, which occurs naturally. It is a white, water-soluble salt used mainly in animal feed..
• Copper Sulfate - Harmless ingredient (159)
  Copper sulfate, also known as copper sulphate, are the inorganic compounds with the chemical formula CuSO4x, where x can range from 0 to 5. The pentahydrate is the most common form. Older names for this compound include blue vitriol, bluestone, vitriol of copper, and Roman vitriol.
• Dried Egg Product - Low-quality ingredient (37)
• Dried Whey (12)
• Ferrous Sulfate - Harmless ingredient (166)
  Iron sulfate sulphate) or ferrous sulfate denotes a range of salts with the formula FeSO4·xH2O. These compounds exist most commonly as the heptahydrate but are known for several values of x. The hydrated form is used medically to treat iron deficiency, and also for industrial applications.
• Fish Oil - Healthy ingredient (59)
• Folic Acid - Harmless ingredient (235)
  Folate, also known as vitamin B9 and folacin, is one of the B vitamins. Manufactured folic acid, which is converted into folate by the body, is used as a dietary supplement and in food fortification as it is more stable during processing and storage.
• Garlic Oil (11)
• L-Lysine Monohydrochloride (19)
• Manganese Sulfate - Controversial ingredient (138)
• Niacin - Harmless ingredient (238)
  Niacin, also known as nicotinic acid, is an organic compound and a form of vitamin B3, an essential human nutrient. It has the formula C 6H 5NO 2 and belongs to the group of the pyridinecarboxylic acid. Niacin is obtained in the diet from a variety of whole and processed foods, with highest contents in fortified packaged foods, tuna, salmon, some vegetable and other animal sources.
• Potassium Chloride - Low-quality ingredient (208)
  Potassium chloride is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. It is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance. The solid dissolves readily in water, and its solutions have a salt-like taste. KCl is used as a fertilizer, in medicine, in scientific applications, and in food processing, where it may be known as E number additive E508.
• Potassium Citrate (13)
• Pyridoxine Hydrochloride - Harmless ingredient (238)
• Riboflavin - Harmless ingredient (244)
  Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. Food sources include eggs, green vegetables, milk and other dairy product, meat, mushrooms, and almonds. Some countries require its addition to grains. As a supplement it is used to prevent and treat riboflavin deficiency and prevent migraines.
• Salt - Harmless ingredient (231)
  Salt is a mineral consisting primarily of sodium chloride, a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in its natural form as a crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quantities in seawater, where it is the main mineral constituent.
• Sodium Caseinate (3)
  Casein is a family of related phosphoproteins. These proteins are commonly found in mammalian milk, comprising c. 80% of the proteins in cow's milk and between 20% and 45% of the proteins in human milk. Sheep and buffalo milk have a higher casein content than other types of milk with human milk having a particularly low casein content.
• Sugar (27)
  Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. Simple sugars, also called monosaccharides, include glucose, fructose, and galactose. Compound sugars, also called disaccharides or double sugars, are molecules composed of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic bond.
• Thiamine Mononitrate - Harmless ingredient (256)
• Vegetable Oil (25)
  Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are oils extracted from seeds, or less often, from other parts of fruits. Like animal fats, vegetable fats are mixtures of triglycerides. Soybean oil, rapeseed oil, and cocoa butter are examples of fats from seeds. Olive oil, palm oil, and rice bran oil are examples of fats from other parts of fruits.
• Vitamin A - Harmless ingredient (215)
  Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids. Vitamin A has multiple functions: it is important for growth and development, for the maintenance of the immune system, and for good vision.
• Vitamin B12 - Harmless ingredient (257)
  Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body: it is a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. It is particularly important in the normal functioning of the nervous system via its role in the synthesis of myelin, and in the maturation of developing red blood cells in the bone marrow.
• Vitamin D3 - Harmless ingredient (244)
  Cholecalciferol, also known as vitamin D3 and colecalciferol, is a type of vitamin D which is made by the skin when exposed to sunlight; it is also found in some foods and can be taken as a dietary supplement. It is used to treat and prevent vitamin D deficiency and associated diseases, including rickets.
• Vitamin E - Harmless ingredient (283)
  Vitamin E is a group of eight fat soluble compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Vitamin E deficiency, which is rare and usually due to an underlying problem with digesting dietary fat rather than from a diet low in vitamin E, can cause nerve problems.
• Vitamin K Activity (35)
• Whole Grain Corn (15)
• Zinc Sulfate - Low-quality ingredient (132)
  Zinc sulfate is an inorganic compound and dietary supplement. As a supplement it is used to treat zinc deficiency and to prevent the condition in those at high risk. Side effects of excess supplementation may include abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, and tiredness.